These countries are those where renewable energy sources are abundant

Europe has long been at the forefront of the fight against climate change strategy, as illustrated by the objective of the three 20 it has focused on renewable energy. But, in the aftermath of the Summit of L'Aquila and five months in Copenhagen, it is clear that not only Europe is missing its objectives, but that its failure in the establishment of a real single energy market affect its ambition to play a leading role in the post-Kyoto world. By 2020, to achieve its objectives, Europe should be 30 less than the share of the renewable in its production of electricity, or three times more than the current proportion. Judging by the investment plans of the major European electricity producers, it will be, at this time, 40 below the target. On a single energy market perfect, investments in renewable energy would be directed towards the most cost-effective countries, i.e. those where it is possible to produce electricity in large quantities and at lower cost, and the need to support traditional energy is lower. These countries are those where renewable energy sources are abundant. Thus, the photovoltaic sector would be concentrated in the Mediterranean, the wind more to the United Kingdom, etc.

But this single market has not seen the day and the authorities continue to allocate funds (which the envelope is yet limited) to less productive and less profitable areas. Thus, thanks to the industrial policy and incentives, the Germany displays a wind capacity of 22,000 MW, ten times that of the United Kingdom, and a production capacity of solar energy of 3.800 MW, or 30 times more than the Italy. However, if the investments planned in Germany in the wind sector by 2020 were directed towards the windiest United Kingdom this green electricity production cost would fall 20. If all of the future German solar energy production capacity were relocated in Spain, productivity would increase by 40. In total, for European consumers, savings would amount to EUR 110 billion in 2020. Taxpayers would save 70 billion of grants (example: purchase of electricity to Germany rates).

Europe must implement a coherent regulatory framework promoting the regions benefiting from the best natural assets for the production of clean energy. The introduction of European certificates for renewable energy (REC) appears to be a solution: on the natural resources available to it, each country undertakes on the part of the revolving in its total production. Certificates are awarded to producers of energy from renewable sources. They then sell on a European trading platform to producers who are not able to achieve their "quota". First, local grants would give the volumes agreed - they should disappear as the price of certificates will increase. Real trading instruments, the REC would be compatible with the European system of trading emissions of CO (ETS). Optimal efficiency of the REC is the construction of interconnections between European electrical networks. Thus, only 6 of the electricity produced in Ireland is wind because, given the lack of connection to other markets, it is impossible for potential investors to maximize their investment in the export. The interconnections would also in regions dependent on random renewable energy (wind, Sun) to import the necessary traditional energy. Very present in Scandinavia, these interconnections is sorely missing in other countries. Actors of electricity must also play their part: it is up to the producers to acquire capacity in lower cost areas to fulfil their obligations. If the interconnection of the networks materializes, distributors will have to invest in trading, the management and distribution capabilities to manage the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources. Europe is progressing slowly but suffers still from the lack of harmonization of incentives and infrastructure. Is that replacing national subsidies by a coordinated energy policy that Europe can achieve its Green objectives.